323 lines
12 KiB
C
323 lines
12 KiB
C
/*
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* kt_battery.c — 自采集电池电量
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*
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* SDK 的 get_vbat_percent() 在本项目实测不准,改用 KT_CFG_VBAT_DET_PIN(PA12)
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* 经 100K/100K 分压采集 → ADC → 平均 → 线性映射 4.2V/3.2V → 滞回输出百分比。
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*
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* 锂电池物理特性带来的算法约束:
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* 1) 充电中,充电 IC 在 CV 阶段会把电池端电压强制维持在 4.2V,无论电池真实 SOC 多少
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* 电压计都会读到 ~4.2V,因此充电时**电压完全无法用于估算 SOC**;
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* 2) 充电刚结束的瞬间,电池存在"极化电压"(电极内离子不平衡导致端电压比 OCV 高
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* 0.1~0.3V),需要几秒~几十秒通过自身内阻消退到真实 OCV;
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* 3) 正常放电时,负载突变(如 PA 工作)瞬时拉低端电压并不代表 SOC 真的下降,
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* 松开负载后电压会回升,因此需要平均 + 单向滞回避免百分比抖动。
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*
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* 对应的算法处理:
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* 1) 充电中(vbat_charging=1):锁住电压不参与 SOC 计算,改用"时间法"模拟爬升
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* (每 KT_BAT_CHARGE_BUMP_SEC 秒 +1%,封顶 100%),给用户充电进度反馈;
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* 2) 拔下充电器瞬间:启动 KT_BAT_RECOVERY_MS 的极化消退期,期间继续冻结 %,
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* 让端电压自然回落到 OCV;
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* 3) 消退期结束:用此刻电压一次性吸附 %,清空缓冲重新种子化,进入正常滑窗采样;
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* 4) 正常放电期:16 点滑动平均 + 单向"只许降"滞回 + 1% 门槛,防抖。
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*
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* 串口仍然每次打印瞬时电压,便于观察电压回落情况。
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*/
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#include "kt_battery.h"
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#include "asm/adc_api.h"
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#include "system/timer.h"
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#include "user_cfg_id.h"
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/* 采样周期 ms;周期 × 缓冲长度 = 平滑窗口 */
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#define KT_BAT_SAMPLE_MS 200u
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/* 滑动平均缓冲长度,值越大越稳越慢 */
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#define KT_BAT_FILTER_N 16u
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/* 滞回门槛(百分点),新值与旧值差值需 ≥ 该门槛才采纳 */
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#define KT_BAT_HYSTERESIS 1u
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/* 拔下充电器后的极化消退期(ms):锂电池端电压从充电"极化高电压"回落到真实 OCV
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* 所需时间,典型几秒~几十秒。实测拔出 8s 左右从 4217 → 3924,用 12s 留余量。 */
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#define KT_BAT_RECOVERY_MS 12000u
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#define KT_BAT_RECOVERY_TICKS ((u8)(KT_BAT_RECOVERY_MS / KT_BAT_SAMPLE_MS))
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/* 充电模拟爬升:分两段,贴合锂电池 CC/CV 真实充电速率。
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* CC 阶段(电池端电压 < 4.2V,SOC 大致 < 80%):充电 IC 维持设定电流,充得快;
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* CV 阶段(端电压 = 4.2V,SOC 大致 80~100%):电流随 SOC 上升而下降,充得慢。
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*
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* 本项目 4000mAh / IP5306 默认 0.8A:
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* CC: (40 mAh/1%) / 800 mA × 3600 ≈ 180 秒/1% → 0~80% 约 4 小时
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* CV: 平均电流跌到 ~0.4A,(40 mAh/1%) / 400 mA × 3600 ≈ 360 秒/1% → 80~100% 约 2 小时
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* 全程约 6 小时充满
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*
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* 切换阈值取 80%(锂电池典型 CC→CV 切换点)。换电池/换电流时改这三个宏。 */
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#define KT_BAT_CC_BUMP_SEC 180u
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#define KT_BAT_CV_BUMP_SEC 360u
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#define KT_BAT_CC_CV_THRESHOLD 80u
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#define KT_BAT_CC_BUMP_TICKS ((u16)(KT_BAT_CC_BUMP_SEC * 1000u / KT_BAT_SAMPLE_MS))
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#define KT_BAT_CV_BUMP_TICKS ((u16)(KT_BAT_CV_BUMP_SEC * 1000u / KT_BAT_SAMPLE_MS))
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/* VM 写入策略: 百分比变化至少 2%,且间隔至少 10 分钟 */
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#define KT_BAT_VM_SAVE_DELTA_PERCENT 2u
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#define KT_BAT_VM_SAVE_MIN_SEC 600u
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#define KT_BAT_VM_SAVE_MIN_TICKS ((u16)(KT_BAT_VM_SAVE_MIN_SEC * 1000u / KT_BAT_SAMPLE_MS))
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/* 首次无历史记录时,插电开机随机起点 65~75% */
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#define KT_BAT_BOOT_FALLBACK_MIN 65u
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#define KT_BAT_BOOT_FALLBACK_MAX 75u
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/* VM 数据校验 */
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#define KT_BAT_VM_TAG 0xA5u
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static u16 vbat_buf[KT_BAT_FILTER_N];
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static u8 vbat_buf_idx;
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static u8 vbat_buf_filled;
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static u16 vbat_avg_mv;
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static u8 vbat_percent_cached = 100u;
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static u8 vbat_charging;
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static u8 vbat_recovery_ticks; /* > 0 表示处于"极化消退期",期间不更新 % */
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static u16 vbat_charge_bump_cnt; /* 充电中累计的 200ms tick 数,达到阈值就 +1% */
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static u16 vbat_vm_save_ticks;
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static u8 vbat_vm_last_saved_percent = 0xFFu;
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static u16 vbat_timer_id;
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struct kt_bat_vm_record {
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u8 tag;
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u8 percent;
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u8 checksum;
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};
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static u8 kt_battery_vm_checksum(u8 tag, u8 percent)
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{
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return (u8)(tag ^ percent ^ 0x5Au);
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}
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static u8 kt_battery_random_percent_fallback(void)
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{
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u8 rnd = 0;
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get_random_number(&rnd, 1);
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return (u8)(KT_BAT_BOOT_FALLBACK_MIN
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+ (rnd % (KT_BAT_BOOT_FALLBACK_MAX - KT_BAT_BOOT_FALLBACK_MIN + 1u)));
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}
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static u8 kt_battery_vm_load_percent(u8 *percent)
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{
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struct kt_bat_vm_record rec;
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if (!percent) {
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return 0u;
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}
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if (syscfg_read(VM_KT_BAT_LAST_PERCENT, &rec, sizeof(rec)) != sizeof(rec)) {
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return 0u;
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}
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if (rec.tag != KT_BAT_VM_TAG) {
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return 0u;
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}
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if (rec.checksum != kt_battery_vm_checksum(rec.tag, rec.percent)) {
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return 0u;
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}
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if ((rec.percent == 0u) || (rec.percent >= 100u)) {
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return 0u;
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}
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*percent = rec.percent;
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return 1u;
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}
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static void kt_battery_vm_save_percent(u8 percent)
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{
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struct kt_bat_vm_record rec;
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if ((percent == 0u) || (percent >= 100u)) {
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return;
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}
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rec.tag = KT_BAT_VM_TAG;
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rec.percent = percent;
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rec.checksum = kt_battery_vm_checksum(rec.tag, rec.percent);
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if (syscfg_write(VM_KT_BAT_LAST_PERCENT, &rec, sizeof(rec)) == sizeof(rec)) {
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vbat_vm_last_saved_percent = percent;
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vbat_vm_save_ticks = 0;
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printf("kt_battery: vm save percent=%d\n", percent);
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}
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}
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static u16 kt_battery_read_raw_mv(void)
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{
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/* SDK adc_get_voltage 返回引脚电压 (mV),× 分压系数 = 电池电压 (mV) */
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u32 pin_mv = adc_get_voltage(AD_CH_PA12);
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u32 bat_mv = pin_mv * KT_BAT_DIVIDER_NUM;
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if (bat_mv > 0xFFFFu) {
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bat_mv = 0xFFFFu;
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}
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return (u16)bat_mv;
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}
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static u8 kt_battery_mv_to_percent(u16 mv)
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{
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if (mv >= KT_BAT_FULL_MV) {
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return 100u;
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}
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if (mv <= KT_BAT_EMPTY_MV) {
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return 0u;
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}
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return (u8)(((u32)(mv - KT_BAT_EMPTY_MV) * 100u)
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/ (KT_BAT_FULL_MV - KT_BAT_EMPTY_MV));
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}
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/* 用即时电压重新种子化整个滑窗缓冲,后续采样从这个值开始平滑 */
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static void kt_battery_reseed(u16 mv)
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{
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for (u8 i = 0; i < KT_BAT_FILTER_N; i++) {
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vbat_buf[i] = mv;
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}
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vbat_buf_idx = 0;
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vbat_buf_filled = 1;
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vbat_avg_mv = mv;
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}
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static void kt_battery_sample_cb(void *priv)
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{
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(void)priv;
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u16 raw = kt_battery_read_raw_mv();
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/* 1) 充电中:充电 IC CV 阶段把端电压维持在 4.2V,与真实 SOC 无关。
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* 电压不参与计算,改用"时间法"模拟爬升给用户充电进度反馈。
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* CC/CV 两段不同速率,贴合锂电池真实充电曲线。 */
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if (vbat_charging) {
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vbat_avg_mv = raw;
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if (vbat_percent_cached < 100u) {
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u16 bump_ticks = (vbat_percent_cached < KT_BAT_CC_CV_THRESHOLD)
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? KT_BAT_CC_BUMP_TICKS /* CC 阶段:快 */
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: KT_BAT_CV_BUMP_TICKS; /* CV 阶段:慢 */
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vbat_charge_bump_cnt++;
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if (vbat_charge_bump_cnt >= bump_ticks) {
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vbat_charge_bump_cnt = 0;
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vbat_percent_cached++;
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printf("kt_battery: charge bump -> %d%% (%s)\n",
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vbat_percent_cached,
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(vbat_percent_cached <= KT_BAT_CC_CV_THRESHOLD) ? "CC" : "CV");
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}
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}
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return;
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}
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/* 2) 刚拔下充电器:端电压还在"极化电压"阶段(高于真实 OCV),继续锁住 %,
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* 等极化消退期结束再用此刻电压一次性吸附到真实 OCV 对应的 SOC */
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if (vbat_recovery_ticks > 0) {
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vbat_recovery_ticks--;
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vbat_avg_mv = raw;
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if (vbat_recovery_ticks == 0) {
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kt_battery_reseed(raw);
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vbat_percent_cached = kt_battery_mv_to_percent(raw);
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/* 恢复期结束后从 0 重新计时,避免立刻写 VM */
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vbat_vm_save_ticks = 0;
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}
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return;
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}
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/* 3) 正常放电:滑窗平均 + 单向下降滞回 */
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vbat_buf[vbat_buf_idx++] = raw;
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if (vbat_buf_idx >= KT_BAT_FILTER_N) {
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vbat_buf_idx = 0;
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vbat_buf_filled = 1;
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}
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u8 n = vbat_buf_filled ? (u8)KT_BAT_FILTER_N : vbat_buf_idx;
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if (n == 0) {
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return;
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}
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u32 sum = 0;
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for (u8 i = 0; i < n; i++) {
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sum += vbat_buf[i];
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}
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vbat_avg_mv = (u16)(sum / n);
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u8 new_p = kt_battery_mv_to_percent(vbat_avg_mv);
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/* 放电只允许 % 下降:负载突变(如 PA 工作)瞬时电压回弹不会让 % 反弹,
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* 边界 0% 允许直接吸附,避免卡在 1% */
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if (new_p == 0u) {
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vbat_percent_cached = 0u;
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} else if ((u16)new_p + KT_BAT_HYSTERESIS <= vbat_percent_cached) {
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vbat_percent_cached = new_p;
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}
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if (vbat_vm_save_ticks < 0xFFFFu) {
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vbat_vm_save_ticks++;
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}
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if ((vbat_percent_cached > 0u)
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&& (vbat_percent_cached < 100u)
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&& (vbat_vm_last_saved_percent != 0xFFu)
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&& ((u8)((vbat_vm_last_saved_percent > vbat_percent_cached)
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? (vbat_vm_last_saved_percent - vbat_percent_cached)
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: (vbat_percent_cached - vbat_vm_last_saved_percent)) >= KT_BAT_VM_SAVE_DELTA_PERCENT)
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&& (vbat_vm_save_ticks >= KT_BAT_VM_SAVE_MIN_TICKS)) {
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kt_battery_vm_save_percent(vbat_percent_cached);
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}
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}
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u8 kt_get_vbat_percent(void)
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{
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return vbat_percent_cached;
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}
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u16 kt_get_vbat_mv(void)
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{
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return vbat_avg_mv;
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}
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void kt_set_charging(u8 charging)
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{
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u8 was_charging = vbat_charging;
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vbat_charging = charging ? 1u : 0u;
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/* 充电 → 不充电 的下降沿:启动极化消退期 */
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if (was_charging && !vbat_charging) {
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vbat_recovery_ticks = KT_BAT_RECOVERY_TICKS;
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/* 消退期内不参与平均,先把缓冲清掉,消退期结束时重新种子化 */
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vbat_buf_idx = 0;
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vbat_buf_filled = 0;
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printf("kt_battery: charging->discharging, polarization recovery %dms\n",
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KT_BAT_RECOVERY_MS);
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} else if (!was_charging && vbat_charging) {
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/* 从插上充电那一刻重新计时,而非累计上一次充电的剩余 tick */
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vbat_charge_bump_cnt = 0;
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printf("kt_battery: discharging->charging, freeze at %d%%, bump CC=%ds CV=%ds\n",
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vbat_percent_cached, KT_BAT_CC_BUMP_SEC, KT_BAT_CV_BUMP_SEC);
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}
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}
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void kt_battery_init(void)
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{
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u8 vm_percent = 0;
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u8 have_vm_percent = kt_battery_vm_load_percent(&vm_percent);
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/* 用一次即时采样把环形缓冲全部种子化,避免开机瞬间百分比从 100% 跳到真实值 */
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u16 seed = kt_battery_read_raw_mv();
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kt_battery_reseed(seed);
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vbat_recovery_ticks = 0;
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vbat_charge_bump_cnt = 0;
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vbat_vm_save_ticks = 0;
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if (gpio_read(KT_CFG_USB_PLUG_DET_PIN)) {
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vbat_charging = 1u;
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if (have_vm_percent) {
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vbat_percent_cached = vm_percent;
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printf("kt_battery_init: USB inserted, use vm percent=%d%%, seed_mv=%d\n",
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vbat_percent_cached, vbat_avg_mv);
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} else {
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vbat_percent_cached = kt_battery_random_percent_fallback();
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printf("kt_battery_init: USB inserted, vm empty, random percent=%d%%, seed_mv=%d\n",
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vbat_percent_cached, vbat_avg_mv);
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}
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vbat_vm_last_saved_percent = vbat_percent_cached;
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printf("kt_battery_init: charging from %d%%\n", vbat_percent_cached);
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} else {
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vbat_charging = 0u;
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vbat_percent_cached = kt_battery_mv_to_percent(seed);
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vbat_vm_last_saved_percent = vbat_percent_cached;
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printf("kt_battery_init: seed_mv=%d init_percent=%d\n",
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vbat_avg_mv, vbat_percent_cached);
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}
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if (!vbat_timer_id) {
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vbat_timer_id = sys_timer_add(NULL, kt_battery_sample_cb, KT_BAT_SAMPLE_MS);
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}
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}
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